Salmonella rough lipopolysaccharide (Salmonella R-LPS)

Salmonella rough lipopolysaccharide (R-LPS) refers to a group of lipopolysaccharide variants produced by Salmonella mutants that lack the O-antigen side chains, resulting in a "rough" colony morphology (PMID: 14993613). These variants are categorized into chemotypes Ra through Re based on the degree of truncation in the core oligosaccharide, with the Re variant being the most minimal form containing only Lipid A and 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (KDO) (PMID: 11748039). R-LPS serves as a vital structural component of the Gram-negative outer membrane and is a potent inducer of the host's innate immune response through its interaction with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) complex (PMID: 10528161). In the context of disease, R-LPS acts as an endotoxin, contributing to the pathogenesis of salmonellosis and potentially leading to systemic inflammatory response syndrome or septic shock (PMID: 15688018). Therapeutic strategies targeting R-LPS include the use of polymyxin antibiotics, which bind to the Lipid A moiety to disrupt the bacterial cell wall, and the development of monoclonal antibodies designed to neutralize the toxic effects of the core region (PMID: 25130356, PMID: 2454435).

Other names

Rough-type lipopolysaccharideR-form LPSSalmonella core lipopolysaccharideSalmonella R-mutant LPSDeep rough lipopolysaccharide

Binding to the Lipid A or core oligosaccharide regions to disrupt bacterial membrane integrity or neutralize endotoxin-mediated immune activation.