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Target intelligence / Profile preview
SARS-CoV Main Protease (Mpro)
- Target
- Mpro
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Cysteine protease, Hydrolase
01
Overview
The SARS-CoV main protease (Mpro), also known as 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), is a cysteine hydrolase enzyme essential for coronavirus replication. It cleaves viral polyproteins at specific sites to release functional nonstructural proteins (nsps). Inhibition of Mpro blocks viral replication, making it an attractive antiviral drug target. Mpro functions as a homodimer with a catalytic dyad (His41 and Cys145) in its active site. Inhibitors like nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid™) and ebselen have been developed to target this enzyme.
- Other names
- 3-chymotrypsin-like protease3CLproNsp5SARS-CoV 3CLproSARS-CoV-2 MproSARS-CoV-2 3CLpro
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of viral polyprotein processing, blocking maturation of viral proteins required for replication
03
Biological functions
Viral polyprotein processingViral replicationMaturation of nonstructural proteins
04
Disease associations
InfectionCOVID-19SARS
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects (though low due to limited human homologs)Drug resistance development
06
Interacting drugs
Nirmatrelvir
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