Satiety hormone release pathway

The "satiety hormone release pathway" refers to a network of hormone signaling—including gut-derived and adipocyte-derived peptides such as GLP-1, leptin, CCK, FGF19, somatostatin, and their cognate receptors—to regulate appetite, energy expenditure, and metabolism. These hormones act through the hypothalamus and brainstem via specific receptors (notably GLP-1 receptor, leptin receptor, CCK-A receptor, and GHS-R1a), with therapeutic relevance in obesity, diabetes, NAFLD, and cardiovascular disease. Drug development targets these receptors for appetite suppression, metabolic improvement, and weight loss. The pathway is not a drug target itself, but consists of several established and emerging therapeutic targets.

Other names

Satiety signaling pathwayAppetite regulation pathwaySatiety hormone axis

GLP-1 analogues activate GLP-1 receptor to promote satiety, slow gastric emptying, and enhance insulin secretion. Proglumide blocks CCK receptor activity, influencing satiety signaling. Somatostatin analogues inhibit growth hormone release, modulate gastrointestinal and hepatic metabolism. Leptin analogues (rare) activate leptin receptor to suppress appetite.