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Satiety Mechanism Through Gastric Expansion

Molecular classification: Physiological Process, Homeostatic Mechanism

Overview

Gastric expansion-induced satiety is a fundamental homeostatic mechanism involving tension-sensitive mechanoreceptors within the stomach wall. Upon activation during meals, these receptors relay fullness signals via vagal nerves to central appetite centers. This process integrates with hormonal feedback from nutrient sensing downstream in the gut—together forming a powerful regulatory system controlling meal size and energy intake.

Mechanism of action

Gastric distension activates tension-sensitive mechanoreceptors, leading to vagal afferent signaling and the release of gut hormones (CCK, GLP-1), ultimately promoting satiety.

Biological functions

Satiety signalingAppetite regulationMeal size controlEnergy intake regulation

Disease associations

ObesityOvereatingEating disorders

Safety considerations

Impaired gastric accommodation leading to blunted satiety.Reduced sensitivity of mechanoreceptors leading to overeating.

Interacting drugs

Bariatric surgery (indirectly)

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