Scavenger receptor on antigen-presenting cell (SR (used generically, but specific members like SR-A1, CD163, SCAR-F1 have unique abbreviations))

Scavenger receptors are a structurally diverse superfamily of cell-surface and endocytic receptors prominently expressed on antigen-presenting cells (such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells) which recognize a wide spectrum of ligands including modified lipoproteins, pathogens, apoptotic cells, and endogenous biomolecules. Functioning as pattern recognition receptors, they play central roles in innate immunity through ligand binding, internalization, phagocytosis, and cooperation with other immune receptors like Toll-like receptors. They are implicated in the pathogenesis of infection, atherosclerosis, autoimmunity, and inflammation, and are emerging as candidate drug targets and disease biomarkers, but the family encompasses numerous distinct receptor proteins, each with unique attributes and disease associations.

Other names

Scavenger receptorSRscavenger receptor class A (SR-A)scavenger receptor class B (SR-B)scavenger receptor expressed by endothelial cells (SREC)CD163SR-A1SR-B1SCAR-F1MEGF10

Blockade or modulation of ligand binding to interfere with pathogen attachment/entry or inflammatory signaling Antibody-drug conjugates utilize receptor-mediated endocytosis for targeted drug delivery Use of soluble SR fragments or antagonists to neutralize pathogen-associated ligands or modulate immune responses