Secretome

The secretome is defined as the entire set of proteins secreted by a cell, tissue, or organ, representing approximately 13-16% of the human proteome (Uhlén et al., 2019). It encompasses a diverse array of molecules, including cytokines, growth factors, hormones, and extracellular matrix-remodeling enzymes, which are essential for maintaining homeostasis and mediating intercellular communication (Agrawal et al., 2010). In pathological states like cancer, the 'tumor secretome' is significantly altered, promoting angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune suppression within the microenvironment (Dowling & Clynes, 2011). While the secretome as a whole is a collective term rather than a single molecular entity, its individual components are among the most successful therapeutic targets in medicine. For example, drugs like bevacizumab and infliximab work by neutralizing specific secreted factors (VEGF and TNF-alpha, respectively) to treat malignancy and autoimmune disorders (Pavlotsky, 2021). Consequently, the secretome serves as a rich reservoir for both diagnostic biomarkers and precision medicine targets.

Other names

ExoproteomeSecreted proteomeCell-secreted factorsSecreted protein set

Neutralization of secreted ligands, inhibition of secretion pathways (e.g., Golgi transport), or blockade of downstream receptors to prevent signaling (Pavlotsky, 2021).