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Sensorimotor rhythm (SMR)
- Target
- SMR
- Molecular classification
- Other (Neural oscillation)
01
Overview
The sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) is a rhythmic oscillation of the electroencephalogram (EEG) typically occurring in the 12-15 Hz frequency range, primarily recorded over the sensorimotor cortex. It is physiologically linked to the ventrobasal nuclei of the thalamus and is most prominent during states of physical stillness and mental alertness. While it is not a molecular target like a receptor or enzyme, SMR serves as a physiological target for neurofeedback and brain-computer interface (BCI) applications. In therapeutic contexts, SMR training is used to modulate cortical excitability and improve attention, particularly in patients with ADHD or epilepsy. Pharmacological agents do not target SMR directly through molecular binding; however, various psychotropic drugs can indirectly alter its power and frequency as a secondary effect of their action on neurotransmitter systems.
- Other names
- 12-15 Hz oscillationsLow beta rhythmMu rhythm (related)
02
Mechanism of action
Modulation via operant conditioning (neurofeedback) or external stimulation (tACS/tDCS) to alter cortical excitability and thalamocortical loops.
03
Biological functions
Motor inhibitionSensorimotor integrationSleep spindle generationAttentional processingArousal regulation
04
Disease associations
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)EpilepsyInsomniaAutism spectrum disorderMotor recovery following stroke
05
Safety considerations
Risk of fatigue or mental strain during neurofeedback trainingPotential for transient headaches or agitationLack of standardized pharmacological modulators
06
Biomarkers
EEG power spectral density (12-15 Hz range)Thalamocortical oscillatory powerMu rhythm suppression/activation
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