Sensory neuropeptides

Sensory neuropeptides are a class of signaling molecules, most notably Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) and the Tachykinins (including Substance P and Neurokinin A), that are synthesized and released by primary afferent sensory neurons [1, 5, 17]. These peptides are stored in large dense-core vesicles and released from both peripheral and central terminals of nociceptors to modulate pain transmission, vascular tone, and inflammatory responses [10, 15]. They predominantly exert their effects by binding to specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) located on neurons, vascular smooth muscle, and immune cells [14, 16]. Clinically, these neuropeptides are highly significant targets; for instance, the development of monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule antagonists targeting CGRP has revolutionized the prevention and treatment of migraines [6, 15]. Antagonists of the Substance P-preferring Neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor are also established therapies for managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting [9, 10]. Because they play complex roles in physiological homeostasis, drugs targeting these peptides must be carefully evaluated for effects on cardiovascular stability and tissue repair [6, 17].

Other names

Neuropeptides of sensory nervesVasoactive neuropeptidesNociceptive neuropeptidesTachykinins and CGRPSensory-nerve-derived neuropeptides

Inhibition of signaling through either direct receptor antagonism or the sequestration/neutralization of the neuropeptide ligand using monoclonal antibodies.