Serum and plasma proteins at the SWCNT–protein corona interface (SWCNT-PC)

The serum and plasma proteins at the SWCNT–protein corona interface refer to the dynamic layer of biomolecules that adsorb onto the surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) when they encounter biological fluids like blood (Monopoli et al., 2012, Nature Nanotechnology). This interface, known as the 'protein corona,' defines the biological identity of the nanoparticle, dictating its interactions with cells, its biodistribution, and its potential toxicity (Walkey & Chan, 2012, Chemical Society Reviews). Common proteins involved in this interface include albumin, fibrinogen, and various apolipoproteins, which can either facilitate cellular uptake or mark the nanotubes for clearance by the mononuclear phagocyte system (Ge et al., 2011, PNAS). While the corona itself is not a traditional therapeutic target, it is a critical factor in the development of nanomedicines, as it can interfere with the binding of surface-conjugated ligands to their intended receptors. Furthermore, the adsorption process can lead to protein denaturation or the exposure of cryptic epitopes, potentially triggering inflammatory or immune responses (Lundqvist et al., 2008, Nature Nanotechnology). Understanding and controlling this interface is essential for ensuring the safety and efficacy of SWCNT-based diagnostic and therapeutic agents. The composition of the corona is highly dependent on the SWCNT's surface chemistry, size, and the specific biological environment, making it a major factor in nanotoxicology. Research into this interface aims to predict and manipulate the corona to improve the targeting and biocompatibility of carbon-based nanomaterials.

Other names

Single-walled carbon nanotube protein coronaSWCNT-protein adsorption layerNanoparticle-protein corona