Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 immunoglobulin G (SARS-CoV-2 IgG)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 immunoglobulin G (SARS-CoV-2 IgG) refers to the class of antibodies produced by the adaptive immune system in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination [1]. These antibodies primarily target the viral Spike (S) protein, specifically the receptor-binding domain (RBD), to neutralize the virus and prevent it from entering host cells via the ACE2 receptor [2]. In addition to neutralization, IgG antibodies contribute to viral clearance through effector functions such as opsonization and the activation of the complement system [2]. In clinical practice, these antibodies serve as critical biomarkers for past exposure or vaccine-induced immunity [5]. While therapeutic monoclonal antibodies have been developed to mimic this natural defense, the rapid evolution of viral variants poses a challenge to their long-term efficacy [4]. Furthermore, the presence of these antibodies is the primary metric for evaluating the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in clinical trials [1].

Other names

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgGCOVID-19 IgG antibodiesSARS-CoV-2 S-specific IgGSARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody

Neutralization of viral entry by binding to the Spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD), blocking interaction with host ACE2 receptors [1][2].