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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease (Mpro)
- Target
- Mpro
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Viral cysteine hydrolase, Protease
01
Overview
Mpro, also known as 3CLpro or nsp5, is the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. It is a cysteine hydrolase essential for viral replication, cleaving the viral polyproteins pp1a and pp1ab into functional nonstructural proteins (nsps). Its high conservation among coronaviruses and the absence of close human homologs make it a promising target for antiviral drug development.
- Other names
- 3CLpronsp5
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of Mpro blocks viral replication by preventing processing of essential nsps. Inhibitors include peptidomimetic compounds that mimic natural substrates or covalently bind to Cys145 in the active site.
03
Biological functions
Viral replicationProcessing of viral polyproteinsReplication-transcription complex formation
04
Disease associations
InfectionCOVID-19
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects must be minimized due to the presence of cysteine proteases in human cells, although no human homologs exist with similar specificity or structure.
06
Interacting drugs
Ebselen
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