SH2B adaptor protein 1 (SH2B1)

SH2B adaptor protein 1 (SH2B1) is a cytoplasmic adaptor protein characterized by an SH2 (Src homology 2) domain and a PH (pleckstrin homology) domain, enabling it to bind to phosphorylated tyrosine residues on various receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including the insulin receptor, leptin receptor-associated Janus kinases (JAK2), and Trk neurotrophin receptors[2][3][4]. SH2B1 acts as a key positive regulator of insulin, leptin, and growth hormone signaling, and plays essential roles in energy balance, glucose metabolism, and neuronal development[4]. Its dysfunction, including human genetic deletions or mutations, is associated with severe obesity, insulin resistance, neurodevelopmental abnormalities, and increased cancer risk, making it a significant integrator of metabolic and mitogenic signaling[4]. There are no known approved drugs directly targeting SH2B1, but its pathways are considered therapeutic targets for metabolic and neurological diseases.

Other names

SH2B adapter protein 1KIAA1299SH2BPSMFLJ30542Pro-rich, PH and SH2 domain-containing signaling mediatorSH2 domain-containing protein 1BSH2-B homologSH2 domain-containing putative adapter SH2-BSH2-B signaling protein

Not applicable (no known approved drugs directly targeting SH2B1); SH2B1 modulates signaling primarily through direct interaction with phosphorylated receptor tyrosine kinases, enhancing or modifying downstream signaling pathways