Sheep pox virus (SPPV)

Sheep pox virus (SPPV) is a large, enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Capripoxvirus in the family Poxviridae (ICTV, 2023). It is the primary cause of sheep pox, a highly contagious and often fatal systemic disease in sheep characterized by fever, skin papules, and internal lesions (WOAH, 2021). The virus replicates within the cytoplasm of host cells, utilizing its own encoded enzymes for DNA synthesis and transcription, which are key targets for antiviral development (Tulman et al., 2002). Although vaccines are the standard for prevention, small molecule inhibitors like cidofovir have been studied for their ability to inhibit the viral DNA polymerase (Bhanuprakash et al., 2010). Additionally, tecovirimat has been explored for its potential to block the egress of mature virions by targeting the conserved VP37 protein (Duraffour et al., 2007). SPPV remains a significant veterinary concern due to its high morbidity and mortality rates, leading to severe economic impacts on the global livestock trade (Babiuk et al., 2008).

Other names

Sheeppox virusSPVCapripoxvirus ovis

Inhibition of viral DNA polymerase and inhibition of viral egress via the VP37 protein.