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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Sigma Receptor Type 2 (S2R)
- Target
- S2R
- Molecular classification
- Receptor, Transmembrane protein
01
Overview
The sigma-2 receptor (S2R), primarily encoded by the TMEM97 gene, is a four-pass transmembrane protein distinct from the sigma-1 receptor. It is located mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum and lipid rafts of cell membranes. S2R regulates several key cellular processes, including neurotransmission, cholesterol homeostasis, autophagy, and cell proliferation. It is highly expressed in proliferating cells, including many tumor types, making it a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer. Modulation of S2R has also shown promise for ameliorating dysfunctional processes associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
- Other names
- Sigma-2 ReceptorSigma₂ ReceptorTMEM97
02
Mechanism of action
Ligand binding modulates receptor function influencing various cellular processes including neurotransmission, cholesterol homeostasis, autophagy, and cell proliferation. Agonists can induce tumor cell death.
03
Biological functions
Modulates action potential firingRegulation of calcium and potassium channelsSynaptic vesicular releaseModulates neurotransmitter systemsCholesterol homeostasisCholesterol biosynthesisCholesterol traffickingRegulates autophagyMembrane traffickingStabilization of receptors at cell surfacesCell proliferationRegulation of oxidative stress responses
04
Disease associations
Neurodegenerative diseaseAlzheimer’s diseaseParkinson’s diseaseAlpha-synucleinopathiesHuntington's diseaseMultiple sclerosisCancer
05
Biomarkers
Tumor proliferation marker
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