Signal-induced proliferation-associated 1-like protein 3 (SIPA1L3)

Signal-induced proliferation-associated 1-like protein 3 (SIPA1L3) is a member of the signal induced proliferation associated 1 family, encoding a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) specific for the small GTPase Rap1, and is characterized by the presence of RapGAP and PDZ domains, as well as a C-terminal coiled-coil and a leucine zipper domain[3][4][5]. The protein plays a critical role in epithelial cell morphogenesis, polarity, adhesion, and cytoskeletal organization, especially in the lens of the eye[3][5]. Loss-of-function mutations or dysregulation of SIPA1L3 disrupt these processes and have been linked to congenital cataracts and other eye development abnormalities in humans and animal models[3][4][5]. SIPA1L3 modulates Rap signaling—a key regulator of cell junctions, cytoskeletal dynamics, and tissue morphogenesis[4][5]. In addition, epigenetic changes at SIPA1L3 associate with lung adenocarcinoma prognosis[5]. While it shares homology and functional domains with other family members such as SIPA1 and SIPA1L1, most evidence points to its specialized role in lens and epithelial biology, with possible additional roles in cancer biology through modulation of signaling and cell structure[5][4]. No drugs are currently known to target SIPA1L3, nor is it established as a therapeutic target, but it may serve as a biomarker in certain contexts such as DNA methylation in cancer[5][3][4].

Other names

SPAL3KIAA0545SPAR3SIPA1-like protein 3SPA-1-like protein 3spine-associated RapGAP 3CTRCT45