Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 1 and Membrane cofactor protein interaction with Measles virus hemagglutinin (MV-H/SLAMF1/CD46 interaction)

The interaction between the Measles virus hemagglutinin (MV-H) protein and host cell receptors Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family Member 1 (SLAMF1/CD150) and Membrane Cofactor Protein (CD46) is the critical first step in viral infection. SLAMF1 is the primary receptor for wild-type measles virus and is expressed on immune cells like B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells, explaining the virus's lymphotropism and immunosuppressive effects. CD46, a complement regulatory protein found on all nucleated cells, is utilized by vaccine and laboratory-adapted strains of the virus. This interaction triggers a conformational change in the viral fusion (F) protein, leading to membrane fusion and viral entry. Understanding these interactions is vital for developing antivirals, improving vaccines, and engineering oncolytic viruses that exploit CD46 overexpression in tumors.

Other names

CD150SLAMSignaling lymphocytic activation moleculeMembrane cofactor proteinMCPCD46Measles virus receptorMV-H interactionIPO-3Trophoblast-lymphocyte cross-reactive antigenTLX

Inhibition of viral attachment and entry by blocking the interaction between the viral hemagglutinin (H) protein and host receptors (SLAMF1 or CD46), or by preventing the subsequent conformational changes in the fusion (F) protein required for membrane fusion.