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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Small proline-rich protein 1B (SPRR1B)
- Target
- SPRR1B
- Molecular classification
- Structural protein, Cross-linked envelope protein, Antimicrobial peptide, Structural molecule
01
Overview
Small proline-rich protein 1B (SPRR1B, Cornifin-B) is a structural protein encoded by the SPRR1B gene in humans. Localized in the cytosol of keratinocytes, it becomes cross-linked to membrane proteins via transglutaminase, forming the insoluble envelope beneath the plasma membrane during skin differentiation. SPRR1B is notable for its tandem repeats of proline and cysteine, which confer structural rigidity and antimicrobial properties. Recent studies highlight its role as an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and functioning via direct bacterial membrane disruption, thereby contributing to innate skin immunity. Elevated expression of SPRR1B is seen during stress, inflammation, and infection, and it may be involved in certain neoplastic and inflammatory conditions[1][2][5].
- Other names
- Cornifin-BSPRR1BSPR-IBGADD3314.9 kDa pancornulinSmall proline-rich protein IBcornifin-BCORNIFINSPRR1small proline-rich protein IB
02
Biological functions
Structural reinforcement of the keratinocyte envelope during skin differentiationSubstrate for transglutaminase-mediated crosslinkingAntimicrobial activity by bacterial membrane disruptionHost defense through direct bacterial killing
03
Disease associations
Cancer (specifically, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and benign skin neoplasms)Inflammation (induced by inflammatory stimuli, upregulated in response to bacterial components)Infection (protective against skin infections from MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)
04
Biomarkers
Marker of keratinocyte terminal differentiationMarker of inflammatory response in skin and certain tissues, upregulated during infection and tissue stress
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