Sodium bicarbonate-mediated gastric acid neutralization (null)

Sodium bicarbonate is an amphoteric compound used clinically and over-the-counter as an antacid to quickly neutralize excess stomach acid (hydrochloric acid) by a simple acid-base reaction. When administered orally, sodium bicarbonate reacts with gastric HCl to yield salt (sodium chloride), water, and carbon dioxide, which helps relieve symptoms of heartburn or acid indigestion[2][7][8][9]. This chemical process does not directly interact with the receptors, enzymes, or transporters that are common molecular drug targets, but modifies the gastric environment by buffering hydrogen ions, thereby increasing pH and reducing irritation. High or prolonged intake can cause systemic alkalosis, gas due to CO₂ release, and fluid/electrolyte disturbances, especially in susceptible individuals[2][6][8].

Other names

Gastric acid neutralization by sodium bicarbonateSodium bicarbonate antacid actionAcid-base reaction in stomach

Chemical neutralization: Sodium bicarbonate directly reacts with gastric hydrochloric acid to form carbonic acid, which decomposes into water and carbon dioxide, raising gastric pH[2][7][8][9].