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Sodium-dependent phosphate transporter
- Molecular classification
- Transporter, SLC34 family, SLC20 family
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Overview
Sodium-dependent phosphate transporters are membrane proteins that mediate the uptake of inorganic phosphate (Pi) into cells by coupling its transport to the movement of sodium ions (Na+). These transporters play a crucial role in maintaining phosphate homeostasis, which is essential for various physiological processes including bone mineralization, energy metabolism, and cellular signaling. The main families are SLC34 (Type II sodium-phosphate cotransporters) and SLC20 (Type III sodium-phosphate cotransporters). Key isoforms include SLC34A1 (NaPi-IIa), SLC34A2 (NaPi-IIb), SLC34A3 (NaPi-IIc), SLC20A1 (PiT1), and SLC20A2 (PiT2). Regulation occurs via Parathyroid hormone (PTH), Dietary Phosphate, Vitamin D metabolites (e.g., calcitriol), and FGF23 hormone. Mutations or dysfunctions can lead to Hypophosphatemia, Nephrolithiasis and Osteoporosis.
- Other names
- Na+-Pi cotransporterSodium/phosphate symporter
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Mechanism of action
Inhibiting or enhancing phosphate transport across cell membranes.
03
Biological functions
Phosphate transportPhosphate homeostasisBone mineralizationEnergy metabolismCellular signaling
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Disease associations
HypophosphatemiaNephrolithiasisOsteoporosisHypophosphatemia nephrolithiasis/osteoporosis type I syndrome
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