Sodium fluoride-mediated anti-caries effect (none)

Sodium fluoride is a simple inorganic salt and a primary source of fluoride ions used for the prevention of dental caries. Its anti-caries effect is due to its ability to strengthen tooth enamel by promoting remineralization (formation of fluorapatite), inhibiting demineralization, and suppressing acid production by oral bacteria. These effects largely depend on topical, not systemic, fluoride exposure. Excessive use during enamel development can cause dental fluorosis, but proper topical use is recognized as safe and highly effective in reducing the incidence and severity of dental caries[1][2][5][6][8].

Other names

Fluoridefluoride ionNaFfluoride therapytopical fluoridesystemic fluoride

Inhibits demineralization of enamel by promoting formation of fluorapatite, which is more acid-resistant than hydroxyapatite[1][2][5] Enhances enamel remineralization by attracting calcium and phosphate ions to create a fluorapatite-like surface[1][3][5][6][8] Inhibits metabolism of plaque bacteria (notably *Streptococcus mutans*) by interfering with their glycolytic enzymes, disrupting acid production and energy metabolism[1][2][3][4][5] Reduces adhesion and biofilm formation by cariogenic bacteria[3]