Somatostatin Receptor 2 (SSTR2)

Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds to the peptide hormone somatostatin. It mediates the inhibitory effects of somatostatin on hormone secretion, particularly in the pancreas where it inhibits glucagon and insulin release. SSTR2 is implicated in various pathological conditions including hormone disorders, neuroendocrine tumors, cancers, and neurological diseases. Somatostatin analogs like octreotide and lanreotide are used to activate SSTR2 for therapeutic purposes.

Upon ligand binding, SSTR2 activates inhibitory G proteins (Gi), leading to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity (reducing cAMP levels) and closure of voltage-gated calcium channels, resulting in decreased secretion from target cells.