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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 1 (SPACA1)
- Target
- SPACA1
- Molecular classification
- Other (membrane-associated sperm protein)
01
Overview
Sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 1 (SPACA1) is a glycosylated, integral membrane protein localized specifically to the acrosomal membrane of spermatids and mature spermatozoa. It is essential for proper acrosome formation, sperm head shaping, and ultimately for successful sperm-egg fusion during fertilization. Loss-of-function or knockout of SPACA1 in mice results in infertility due to abnormal sperm morphology reminiscent of human globozoospermia, implicating this gene in certain types of human male infertility. Its primary biological expression is in the testis, and its dysfunction correlates strongly with defective spermatogenesis and morphological sperm defects. There is no evidence that SPACA1 is directly targeted by any approved or investigational drugs, nor is it an established therapeutic target in any other disease area.
- Other names
- SAMP32Sperm acrosomal membrane-associated protein 32SPGF85sperm acrosomal membrane-associated protein 32Sperm acrosome associated 1sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 1
02
Mechanism of action
Not applicable (No drugs are known to target this protein; mechanisms of action are not defined)
03
Biological functions
Acrosome formationSperm head morphogenesisSperm-egg binding and fusionSpermatogenesis
04
Disease associations
Infertility (especially male infertility and globozoospermia)Spermatogenic failure (including reported genetic defects designated "Spermatogenic Failure 85")
05
Safety considerations
Targeting SPACA1 for contraception could risk irreversible infertility, as SPACA1 knockout in animals results in sterility without other notable adverse effects
06
Biomarkers
Potential biomarker for male infertility caused by acrosome defects or globozoospermia
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