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Sperm mitochondrial-associated cysteine-rich protein (SMCP)
- Target
- SMCP
- Molecular classification
- Other (Cysteine-rich structural protein, not an enzyme, receptor, transporter, or ion channel)
01
Overview
Sperm mitochondrial-associated cysteine-rich protein (SMCP) is a rapidly evolving cysteine- and proline-rich protein localized to the mitochondrial capsule of sperm. It has a characteristic tripartite structure (an N-terminal segment, a cysteine/proline/glutamine/lysine-rich central segment, and a C-terminal segment), and plays a crucial role in the structural integrity and stabilization of the helical mitochondrial sheath in the sperm flagellum. This stabilization is essential for sperm motility, and loss of SMCP function is linked to impaired sperm function and male infertility. The SMCP gene is found within the epidermal differentiation complex on human chromosome 1 and is expressed specifically in spermatogenic cells[1][2][3][4][10].
- Other names
- MCSPMCSHSMCSGEN1testicular tissue protein Li 119testicular tissue protein Li 161
02
Biological functions
Sperm motilitystructural stabilization and organization of the mitochondrial sheath in sperm
03
Disease associations
Male infertility (noted role in "Spermatogenic Failure 21" and idiopathic infertility due to motility defects)
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