Sperm motility and viability

Sperm motility refers to the ability of sperm cells to move actively and efficiently, particularly in a progressive manner, which is essential for reaching and fertilizing the oocyte. Sperm viability represents the proportion of living sperm, typically assessed by their intact membranes and metabolic activity. These parameters are primary indicators of male fertility and are affected by molecular pathways including energy production (mitochondrial function), ion channel activity (such as calcium and pH regulation), oxidative stress responses, and signal transduction (such as cAMP/PKA pathways). They are clinical endpoints used in diagnosis and treatment evaluation, but are not single molecular entities and do not correspond to a canonical receptor, enzyme, or transporter.

Other names

Sperm movement and survivalSperm motility and survivalSperm quality parameters

Enhancement of mitochondrial energy production; Reduction of oxidative stress; Modulation of ion channels (Ca²⁺, H⁺, Na⁺); Inhibition or activation of signaling pathways (cAMP, protein kinases)