Spermatogenesis and centriole associated 1 like (SPATC1L)

SPATC1L is a centrosome-associated protein encoded by the SPATC1L gene (C21orf56 in humans), predominantly expressed in the testis during spermatogenesis[1][4][5][6]. It localizes to the neck region of developing sperm and interacts with protein kinase A (PKA), influencing phosphorylation of other neck region proteins such as CAPZB. Knockout studies in mice demonstrate that SPATC1L is crucial for maintaining the connection between the sperm head and tail; loss of the protein leads to acephalic spermatozoa (headless sperm), resulting in complete male sterility[1]. SPATC1L function is thought to depend on controlling actin cytoskeleton dynamics at the sperm neck, in part via CAPZB and PKA signaling[1][2]. Mutations in SPATC1L cause acephalic spermatozoa syndrome and male infertility in humans[2]. There are no reports suggesting SPATC1L is a druggable disease target, nor are there known direct drug interactions or current use as a biomarker. If you need structured information for research databases or drug development pipelines, this molecule is best classified as a testis-specific, centrosome/structural protein that is not currently considered a classical therapeutic target.

Other names

SPATC1LC21orf56spermatogenesis and centriole-associated 1-like