Spermatogenesis-associated protein 2 (SPATA2)

Spermatogenesis-associated protein 2 (SPATA2) is a human protein encoded by the SPATA2 gene, primarily recognized as a signaling adaptor in inflammatory pathways and as a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1[1][2][3][8][9]. SPATA2 plays a critical role in *bridging the deubiquitinase CYLD to the LUBAC complex* via binding interactions, thereby regulating the assembly and function of the TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) signaling complex[1][2][8]. This recruitment activates CYLD to deubiquitinate specific substrates, including RIPK1, controlling its kinase activity and the cellular decision to undergo necroptosis (programmed necrosis) or apoptosis in response to TNF signaling[1][2][7][8]. In the testis, SPATA2 is enriched in Sertoli cells, where it is important for their secretory function and for the regulation of spermatogenesis; knockout models demonstrate that loss of SPATA2 leads to impaired sperm production and male infertility[4][7]. SPATA2 expression is regulated by inflammatory cues such as TNF-α and interleukin-1β, and dysregulation of its function has been associated with cancer (notably ovarian cancer), autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, and genetic causes of infertility[1][2][7][8]. Its molecular classification is as a signaling adaptor and protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit, situating it at the interface of cell signaling, cell death regulation, and tissue-specific functions in the testis and immune system[2][7][9].

Other names

KIAA0757PD1tamoPPP1R145protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 145spermatogenesis associated PD1spermatogenesis-associated protein PD1SPATA2