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Spermatogenesis-associated protein 46 (SPATA46)
- Target
- SPATA46
- Molecular classification
- Other (Nuclear membrane protein involved in sperm development), Not a receptor, transporter, enzyme, transcription factor, ion channel, or histone modifier
01
Overview
Spermatogenesis-associated protein 46 (SPATA46) is a nuclear membrane protein expressed predominantly in mature spermatids in the testis. It is involved in the reshaping of the sperm head, maintaining nuclear envelope integrity during maturation, and is essential for successful sperm-egg fusion in fertilization. Deficiency in SPATA46 results in male subfertility due to abnormal sperm head morphology and impaired sperm-egg fusion. SPATA46 is not classified as a receptor, enzyme, or common drug target, but rather as a specialized nuclear membrane protein vital for normal male gamete development and reproductive function.
- Other names
- SPATA46C1orf111HSD20TEKT2BP21700015E13Rik (mouse ortholog)SPT46spermatogenesis associated 46uncharacterized protein C1orf111RGd1565283
02
Mechanism of action
Not applicable; there are no established mechanisms of drug interaction, as it is not a validated drug target. In research, the functional blocking antibody to SPATA46 disrupts sperm-egg fusion.
03
Biological functions
Spermatogenesis (critical role in sperm maturation, especially in nuclear shaping during spermiogenesis)Sperm-egg fusion (facilitates fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane during fertilization)Nuclear envelope integrity during sperm condensation
04
Disease associations
Other (Male infertility/subfertility due to teratozoospermia, characterized by abnormal sperm head morphology and failed sperm-egg fusion)No clear role reported in cancer, inflammation, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, or infection
05
Safety considerations
None reported as a therapeutic target. Experimentally, gene knockout affects male fertility in mouse models but does not appear to present systemic safety issues outside reproduction.
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