Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (typically S1P receptor 1, but collectively S1P receptor family includes S1P receptor 1–5) (S1PR (or S1PR1–S1PR5 for subtypes))

The sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway comprises the synthesis, release, and extracellular recognition of S1P by a family of five G protein-coupled receptors (S1PR1–S1PR5). S1P is generated by phosphorylation of sphingosine via sphingosine kinases, then exported from cells to bind S1PRs on different cell types. S1P receptor signaling governs essential physiological processes, including immune cell trafficking, vascular integrity, angiogenesis, and cell survival. Dysregulation of this pathway is implicated in diseases such as autoimmune disorders, cancer, and fibrosis, making S1P receptors important drug targets. Several S1P receptor modulators (e.g., fingolimod, ozanimod) are approved for use in multiple sclerosis and are under investigation for other immune-related and neurodegenerative conditions[2][3][5][6].

Other names

S1P receptorS1PRS1P1–S1P5sphingosine 1-phosphate receptorlysophospholipid receptor

Receptor modulation: agonism/functional antagonism causing S1P1 receptor internalization and sequestration of circulating lymphocytes. Modulation of immune cell egress from lymph nodes (immunomodulation).