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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Spike Glycoprotein (S protein)
- Target
- S protein
- Molecular classification
- Viral protein, Glycoprotein, Transmembrane protein
01
Overview
The spike glycoprotein (S protein) is a transmembrane protein on the surface of coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. It mediates viral entry into host cells by binding to the ACE2 receptor and facilitating membrane fusion. It is a primary target for neutralizing antibodies, vaccines, and antiviral therapies.
- Other names
- Spike proteinSARS-CoV-2 Spike proteinS Glycoprotein
02
Mechanism of action
Neutralizing antibodies bind to the S protein, preventing its interaction with ACE2 or blocking conformational changes required for membrane fusion. Vaccines elicit an antibody response against the S protein, providing immunity. Fusion inhibitors block the fusion of the viral and host cell membranes.
03
Biological functions
Viral entry into host cellsReceptor bindingMembrane fusion
04
Disease associations
InfectionCOVID-19 pathogenesis
05
Safety considerations
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection (theoretical)Potential for escape mutations leading to reduced efficacy of antibodies and vaccines
06
Interacting drugs
Neutralizing antibodies (e.g., monoclonal antibodies)
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
S protein levels (for diagnostic purposes)Anti-S protein antibody titers (for vaccine efficacy and prior infection assessment)
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