Target intelligence / Profile preview

Spike Glycoprotein S1 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 (RBD)

Target
RBD
Molecular classification
Glycoprotein, Viral protein, Receptor Binding Domain
01

Overview

The receptor-binding domain (RBD) is a critical part of the S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. It directly interacts with the human ACE2 receptor, mediating viral entry into host cells. Due to its exposed location and key role in infection, the RBD is a major target for neutralizing antibodies and is used in vaccines and diagnostic assays. Mutations within the RBD can affect ACE2 binding affinity, antibody recognition, and viral transmissibility and pathogenicity. Key mutations include N501Y, T478K, Q493R, and Q498R.

Other names
SARS-CoV-2 RBDSpike RBDS1 RBD
02

Mechanism of action

Binds to ACE2 receptor on host cells, initiating viral entry. Neutralizing antibodies block ACE2 binding.

03

Biological functions

Viral entryACE2 receptor bindingImmune evasion
04

Disease associations

InfectionCOVID-19Viral pathogenesis
05

Safety considerations

Immune escape due to mutationsPotential for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) with certain antibodies
06

Interacting drugs

Neutralizing antibodies

2 more in the full profile.

07

Biomarkers

Anti-RBD antibody titerRBD mutations (for variant identification)

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