Spiral prominence epithelial cells

Spiral prominence epithelial cells are a specialized cell population located in the lateral wall of the cochlea, situated between the stria vascularis and the external sulcus (Wangemann, 2006). These cells are integral to the potassium (K+) recycling pathway, which maintains the high potassium concentration and positive endocochlear potential of the endolymph, essential for sensory hair cell function (Hibino et al., 2010). They are characterized by their involvement in ion and fluid transport, expressing various transporters and channels that regulate the microenvironment of the inner ear. Dysfunction of these cells or the proteins they express, such as Pendrin (encoded by SLC26A4), is associated with sensorineural hearing loss, Pendred syndrome, and Meniere's disease (MedlinePlus Genetics, 2020). While they are not a single molecular target, they represent a critical cellular site for pharmacological and genetic interventions aimed at treating hearing disorders. Drugs such as loop diuretics can inadvertently affect the ionic balance maintained by these cells, leading to temporary or permanent ototoxicity (Salt & Plontke, 2005).

Other names

Spiral prominence cellsCochlear spiral prominence epithelial cellsEpithelial cells of the spiral prominence

Inhibition of ion transporters (e.g., NKCC1) in the cochlear lateral wall, which disrupts the potassium recycling pathway and reduces the endocochlear potential.