Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV)

Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV), taxonomically known as Carp sprivivirus, is a significant rhabdovirus that primarily affects cyprinid fish, including common carp and koi. It is the causative agent of Spring Viremia of Carp (SVC), a systemic and often fatal disease characterized by internal and external hemorrhaging, abdominal distension (dropsy), and high mortality rates in aquaculture. The virus possesses a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA genome that encodes five main structural proteins: nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), glycoprotein (G), and a large RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L). The G protein is the primary immunogen and the most common target for neutralizing antibodies and DNA vaccine development. Therapeutic research focuses on broad-spectrum antivirals such as ribavirin and natural polyphenols like quercetin, as well as the induction of the fish innate immune system via interferons. Due to its economic impact and high transmissibility, SVCV is monitored globally and is subject to stringent biosecurity and trade regulations.

Other names

Carp sprivivirusRhabdovirus carpioSVCVSpring viraemia of carp virus

Inhibition of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, induction of host interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and disruption of viral glycoprotein-mediated membrane fusion.