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Squalene Synthase (SQS)
- Target
- SQS
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Isoprenoid Synthase Type I superfamily, Phytoene/squalene synthase family
01
Overview
Squalene synthase (SQS), also known as farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1), is a key enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. It catalyzes the first committed step toward sterol production, specifically converting two molecules of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) into squalene through a two-step reaction. This process commits FPP exclusively to sterol production—most notably cholesterol—while limiting its availability for other terpenoid products. SQS activity is tightly regulated by cellular cholesterol status, and its inhibition is being explored for treating hypercholesterolemia.
- Other names
- SSFarnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferaseFarnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1FDFT1
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of squalene synthesis by blocking the conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) into squalene.
03
Biological functions
Cholesterol synthesisIsoprenoid metabolismLanosterol biosynthesis
04
Disease associations
HypercholesterolemiaSqualene Synthase DeficiencyCardiovascular disease
05
Safety considerations
Potential developmental effects due to the essential role of squalene synthase in development.Potential impact on non-sterol isoprenoid synthesis pathways.
06
Interacting drugs
Lapaquistat
2 more in the full profile.
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