Src homology 2 domain (SH2 domain)

The **Src homology 2 domain (SH2 domain)** is a structurally conserved protein domain of about 100 amino acids found within many intracellular signal transduction proteins, especially those involved in pathways regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation. SH2 domains specifically bind to short peptide sequences containing phosphorylated tyrosine residues on partner proteins, acting as modules that mediate protein–protein interactions in signal transduction cascades. They play critical roles in cellular processes such as growth, proliferation, immune response, and gene transcription by linking cell surface receptor activation (most notably receptor tyrosine kinases) to downstream intracellular signaling. SH2 domain–containing proteins are implicated in normal physiology as well as disease processes, chiefly various cancers and immunodeficiencies, when signaling fidelity is disrupted[1][2][3][4][7].

Other names

SH2 domainSrc homology region 2 domainpTyr-binding domain