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Staphylococcal protein A (SpA)

Target: SpA
Molecular classification: Surface protein

Overview

Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) is a 42 kDa surface protein found in the cell wall of most strains of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. It binds with high affinity to the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Fab regions of VH3 antibodies, disrupting normal antibody function and preventing opsonization and phagocytosis. It can also act as a B-cell superantigen, leading to apoptosis or altered proliferation of antibody-secreting cells. SpA contributes significantly to S. aureus virulence by protecting the bacteria from host immune responses.

Other names: Protein Aspa gene product

Biological functions

Immune evasionB-cell superantigenInhibition of phagocytosisInterference with humoral immunityInhibition of osteogenesis

Disease associations

InfectionStaphylococcus aureus virulence

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