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Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1)
- Target
- SOAT1
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT)
01
Overview
Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1), also known as acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1), is an intracellular enzyme that catalyzes the formation of cholesteryl esters from cholesterol and fatty acyl-CoA. This reaction is crucial for cellular cholesterol homeostasis, as it converts free cholesterol into a storage form—cholesteryl ester—that accumulates in lipid droplets within cells. SOAT1 plays a central role in cholesterol metabolism, atherosclerosis development, and may be a therapeutic target for various diseases.
- Other names
- ACAT1ACATSOATSTATAcyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1
02
Mechanism of action
SOAT1 catalyzes the formation of cholesteryl esters from cholesterol and fatty acyl-CoA, regulating intracellular free cholesterol levels.
03
Biological functions
Cholesterol metabolismCholesterol homeostasisCholesteryl ester formationLipid droplet formationBile acid biosynthesisVLDL productionDietary cholesterol absorption
04
Disease associations
AtherosclerosisCardiovascular diseaseKidney diseaseDiabetic kidney diseaseAlport SyndromeAlzheimer's diseaseCancerProstate cancerGlioblastomaAdrenal insufficiency
05
Safety considerations
Efficacy concernsSafety concerns
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