Sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1c (SREBP-1c)

Sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1c (SREBP-1c) is an isoform of the protein family encoded by the *SREBF1* gene, produced by alternative promoter selection. SREBP-1c is a membrane-bound precursor that, upon activation, translocates to the nucleus where it binds sterol regulatory elements in DNA and drives the transcription of genes involved primarily in fatty acid synthesis and aspects of glucose metabolism. It is predominantly expressed in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue and is highly regulated by nutritional and hormonal signals, especially insulin and sterols. SREBP-1c activity is associated with oncogenic transformation, metabolic disease, and lipid-dependent pathologies. Its dysregulation has implications in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer cell proliferation (notably in clear cell renal cell carcinoma), and other disorders connected to lipid metabolism. SREBP-1c is considered a key therapeutic and diagnostic target for interventions aiming at metabolic pathways and cell cycle progression.

Other names

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1cSREBP-1cADD-1SREBF1c

Drugs (e.g., LXR agonists) increase SREBP-1c-mediated gene transcription, enhancing lipogenesis. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors suppress cholesterol synthesis, lowering SREBP-1c expression. Fatty acid synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors disrupt downstream lipid synthesis.