Stratum corneum keratin matrix

The stratum corneum keratin matrix is the primary structural component of the skin's outermost layer, consisting of keratin intermediate filaments bundled by the protein filaggrin within dead cells called corneocytes [1]. This dense proteinaceous network provides the mechanical resilience and physical barrier necessary to protect the body from environmental pathogens, chemical irritants, and excessive transepidermal water loss [2]. In various dermatological conditions, such as atopic dermatitis or ichthyosis, the integrity of this matrix is compromised due to genetic mutations in filaggrin or altered lipid composition, leading to barrier dysfunction and inflammation [3]. Therapeutic strategies targeting the matrix include the use of keratolytics to facilitate the shedding of hyperkeratotic skin and humectants that chemically bind to the keratin filaments to restore hydration [4]. Understanding the biochemical properties of this matrix is essential for developing topical formulations that either reinforce the barrier or enhance the penetration of active pharmaceutical ingredients [5].

Other names

Corneocyte matrixKeratin-filaggrin complexEpidermal keratin matrixIntracellular keratin matrix

Keratolytic agents disrupt the ionic and hydrogen bonds within the keratin matrix to reduce corneocyte adhesion and promote desquamation, while humectants bind to the matrix to enhance water retention.