Strontium and fluorine-doped bioactive glass nanoparticles (Sr/F-BGNPs)

Strontium and fluorine-doped bioactive glass nanoparticles (Sr/F-BGNPs) are advanced synthetic biomaterials designed for use in hard tissue regeneration and dentistry [4, 9]. These nanoparticles consist of a silicate-based glass framework that has been structurally modified with strontium and fluoride ions to provide dual therapeutic benefits [3, 12]. When exposed to physiological fluids, the nanoparticles undergo controlled dissolution, releasing ions that stimulate the body's natural healing processes [11, 14]. Strontium acts as a dual-action agent to enhance the activity of bone-forming cells while simultaneously curtailing the action of bone-resorbing cells, which is particularly beneficial for treating conditions like osteoporosis [3, 17]. Fluoride release contributes to the formation of fluorapatite, a mineral that is more resistant to acid than natural tooth enamel, thereby aiding in the prevention of dental caries [6, 10]. These materials are valued for their high surface area and bioactivity, though their clinical performance can be sensitive to the delivery formulation and dosage [2, 15].

Other names

Sr/F-doped bioactive glass nanoparticlesSr/F-BAGSr-F-BGsFluoridated strontium-doped bioactive glassStrontium and fluoride-substituted bioactive glass nanoparticles

Strontium and fluorine-doped bioactive glass nanoparticles function primarily by releasing bioactive ions (Sr2+, F-, Ca2+, and SiO4 4-) into the surrounding physiological environment [2, 11, 14]. Strontium ions promote bone formation by activating the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in osteoblasts and inhibiting bone resorption by osteoclasts through the modulation of the RANKL/OPG ratio [3, 17]. Fluoride ions facilitate the crystallization of acid-resistant fluorapatite, which stabilizes the mineral phase of bone and teeth [5, 6]. Additionally, the silicate dissolution products stimulate pro-osteogenic gene expression and can promote angiogenesis [4, 9].