Struvite stone

Struvite stone is a type of kidney stone composed mainly of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MgNH_4PO_4·6H_2O), often mixed with carbonate-apatite. It forms in alkaline urine during chronic or recurrent urinary tract infections caused by urease-producing bacteria (such as Proteus, Klebsiella, and others). These stones can grow rapidly, sometimes filling much of the renal collecting system (as "staghorn calculi"), and are associated with significant morbidity including urinary obstruction, infection, and renal injury. Management requires both eradication of infection and removal or dissolution of the stone.

Other names

Struvite calculiTriple phosphate stoneInfection stoneMagnesium ammonium phosphate stone

Acetohydroxamic acid inhibits urease enzyme in causative bacteria, decreasing ammonia production and stone formation; antibiotics eradicate causative bacteria to remove infectious nidus