Submucosal plexus (SMP)

The enteric neurons of the colonic mucosa and submucosa, primarily organized into the submucosal (Meissner's) plexus, constitute a critical component of the enteric nervous system (ENS) (StatPearls, NBK541017). These neurons regulate local physiological processes including epithelial secretion, absorption, and submucosal blood flow, and they communicate with the myenteric plexus to coordinate motility (Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2012). In the colonic mucosa, sensory neurons and nerve fibers interact closely with the epithelium and immune cells to monitor the luminal environment (PubMed, 25339498). Dysfunction of these neurons is implicated in various gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and Hirschsprung disease (PubMed, 29405029). Pharmacological targeting of receptors expressed on these neurons, such as serotonin or opioid receptors, is a common strategy for managing GI symptoms (PubChem, Prucalopride).

Other names

Submucosal plexusMeissner's plexusSubmucous plexusEnteric nervous system of the colon

Modulation of neurotransmission and epithelial function via activation or inhibition of G protein-coupled receptors (e.g., 5-HT4, GC-C, mu-opioid receptors) located on enteric neuronal membranes.