Sulfotransferase family 1A member 1 (SULT1A1)

Sulfotransferase family 1A member 1 (SULT1A1) is a cytosolic enzyme in the sulfotransferase family that catalyzes the transfer of a sulfate group from the donor molecule 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to a wide range of acceptor molecules, including phenolic drugs, hormones, and environmental chemicals. SULT1A1 is highly expressed in the human liver and is a major enzyme responsible for the phase II metabolism (specifically, sulfation) of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. It plays a critical role in chemical detoxification and in the regulation of hormone bioactivity. SULT1A1 exhibits substrate flexibility due to the plasticity of its active site and is subject to genetic polymorphisms, which alter enzyme activity and impact individual variation in drug metabolism, efficacy, and toxicity, particularly in the metabolism of anti-cancer drugs such as tamoxifen. Variations in SULT1A1 are associated with different responses to therapy and susceptibility to disease, making it both a therapeutic target and a biomarker in pharmacogenetics and cancer treatment.

Other names

Sulfotransferase 1A1STPSTP1OK/SW-cl.88ST1A1P-PST 1Ts-PSTP-PSTAryl sulfotransferase 1HAST1/HAST2Phenol sulfotransferase 1Phenol-sulfating phenol sulfotransferase 1ST1A3Thermostable phenol sulfotransferaseTSPST1ts-PSTthermostable phenol sulfotransferase 1aryl sulfotransferase 1

Sulfation (conjugation) of substrates to increase solubility, facilitate elimination, and modulate biological activity. Inactivation of drugs and transformation of prodrugs via phase II metabolism