Sulfotransferase family 1B member 1 (SULT1B1)

Sulfotransferase family 1B member 1 (SULT1B1) is a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the sulfation (conjugation with sulfate) of thyroid hormones, small phenolic compounds (such as 1-naphthol and p-nitrophenol), and a variety of drugs and xenobiotics as part of phase II metabolism. This process increases the water solubility of substrates, facilitating their excretion and detoxification. SULT1B1 is expressed at high levels in the human gastrointestinal tract, with moderate expression in the liver, kidney, and blood cells. It does not efficiently act on steroid hormones but has specificity for small phenols and planar multi-ring compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Genetic variants such as L145V can modulate the enzyme's activity and may be relevant to disease susceptibility and personalized drug metabolism. SULT1B1 is implicated in disease processes including cancer and macular dystrophy and may be susceptible to inhibition by endocrine-disrupting chemicals, raising safety and therapeutic concerns.

Other names

Sulfotransferase 1B1SULT1B1ST1B2SULT1B2Sulfotransferase 1B2Sulfotransferase family cytosolic 1B member 1Thyroid hormone sulfotransferaseST1B1

Drugs and xenobiotics are metabolized via sulfation (transfer of sulfonate group); certain inhibitors/EDCs may competitively or allosterically inhibit the enzyme