Target intelligence / Profile preview

Superoxide Dismutase Enzyme Family (SOD)

Target
SOD
Molecular classification
Enzyme, Metalloenzyme
01

Overview

Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are a family of metalloenzymes that catalyze the dismutation of the superoxide anion radical (O2-) into molecular oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This reaction is crucial for protecting cells from oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). There are three main families/classes of SOD enzymes: Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and Fe-SOD/Ni-SOD, each with distinct metal cofactors and subcellular localizations. Mutations or dysregulation of human SODs have been linked with various diseases, including ALS and cardiomyopathy.

Other names
SOD1SOD2SOD3Cu/Zn-SODMn-SODFe-SODNi-SOD
02

Mechanism of action

Catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anion radicals into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide through redox cycling of a metal cofactor.

03

Biological functions

Antioxidant defenseRedox homeostasis regulationROS scavengingCell growth regulationCell differentiation regulationApoptosis regulationResponse to environmental stresses
04

Disease associations

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)CardiomyopathyOxidative stress-related diseases
05

Safety considerations

Potential for disruption of redox balanceOff-target effects of SOD-mimetic drugs

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