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Synaptotagmin-13 (SYT13)
- Target
- SYT13
- Molecular classification
- Membrane trafficking protein, Vesicle trafficking protein, Member of synaptotagmin family, Single transmembrane protein with tandem C2 domains
01
Overview
Synaptotagmin-13 is a single-pass transmembrane protein distinguished from classic synaptotagmins by being Ca²⁺-independent. Its cytoplasmic C2A and C2B domains interact with membrane phospholipids and proteins involved in vesicle trafficking, facilitating both docking and fusion processes at target membranes. SYT13 plays an essential role in modulating cell-matrix adhesion and orchestrating endocrine cell egression during pancreatic islet morphogenesis. It is highly expressed in neuroendocrine cells in the brain, intestine, and pancreas, and upregulated in several cancers. The protein is evolutionarily conserved and participates in key processes of hormone secretion and cell migration. Loss-of-function models reveal major developmental and endocrine defects, underscoring its importance in cell polarity and tissue morphogenesis
- Other names
- SYT13Synaptotagmin-13KIAA1427SytXIIISynaptotagmin XIIIsytXIII
02
Mechanism of action
Antisense oligonucleotide-mediated inhibition reduces cancer cell metastasis and progression. Impaired SYT13 function affects endocrine cell migration and pancreatic islet formation.
03
Biological functions
Intracellular vesicle traffickingExocytosisEndocrine cell egression (pancreatic islet morphogenesis)Cell-matrix adhesion modulationHormone secretion in neuroendocrine cells
04
Disease associations
Cancer (promotes metastasis and progression in gastric, colorectal, and lung cancers)Neurodegenerative disease (protective role documented in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA))Developmental brain disorder (Lissencephaly 9 with complex brainstem malformation)
05
Safety considerations
No major direct safety concerns documented; therapeutic challenges may arise from targeting vesicle trafficking proteins in critical neuroendocrine and endocrine cell populations, potentially affecting hormone secretion and systemic metabolic homeostasis
06
Interacting drugs
Experimental antisense oligonucleotides
07
Biomarkers
SYT13 upregulation can serve as a biomarker in several cancer types and for pancreatic endocrine lineage identification; in islets of Langerhans, reduced SYT13 is associated with type 2 diabetes
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