Synthetic graft

Synthetic graft refers to any man-made (non-biological) material designed to replace or restore body tissues, most commonly used in bone or vascular surgery. In bone applications, synthetic bone grafts are made of ceramics (calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass), polymers, or composite materials. They act as scaffolds, promoting bone regeneration through osteoconduction and/or osseointegration, and are sometimes combined with natural bone tissue or bioactive drugs. In vascular applications, prosthetic grafts (often polyester, such as Dacron) replace or repair blood vessels. Synthetic grafts offer sterilizable, readily available alternatives to autografts and allografts, minimize donor site complications, and can be tailored to patient needs, but may be associated with risks of infection, mechanical failure, or incomplete tissue integration

Other names

Synthetic bone graftProsthetic graftArtificial graft

Osteoconduction (provides a scaffold for bone growth) Osseointegration (integration with native bone tissue) Tissue replacement (artificial substitute for damaged bone or vessel)