T-cell mediated immune response (CMI)

The T-cell mediated immune response is an adaptive immune mechanism primarily orchestrated by various subsets of T lymphocytes—including helper T cells (CD4+) and cytotoxic T cells (CD8+)—that recognize antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex molecules on antigen-presenting cells or infected/cancerous host cells. This process does not involve antibodies but relies on direct cellular interactions and cytokine signaling. It plays a central role in defending against intracellular pathogens such as viruses and certain bacteria, eliminating cancer cells through cytotoxicity, contributing to transplant rejection via recognition of foreign tissue antigens, and regulating autoimmune responses through regulatory mechanisms involving regulatory T cells. The activation of effector functions involves clonal expansion of antigen-specific lymphocytes upon recognition by their unique surface receptors.

Other names

Cell-mediated immunityCellular immunityT-cell immunity