T-cell receptor recognizing Bet v 1-derived peptides (Bet v 1-specific TCR)

The T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizing Bet v 1-derived peptides is a specialized protein complex on the surface of T helper type 2 (Th2) cells that plays a central role in birch pollen allergy (Ebner et al., 1995, J. Immunol.). Bet v 1 is the major allergen of Betula verrucosa, and its recognition by these TCRs, when presented by MHC class II molecules, initiates the allergic inflammatory cascade characterized by IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 secretion (Larche et al., 2006, Nat. Rev. Immunol.). This process leads to B-cell isotype switching to IgE and subsequent mast cell degranulation. Therapeutic interventions, such as allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), target these TCR-mediated pathways to induce immunological tolerance, often through the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) or T-cell anergy (Valenta et al., 2012, Annu. Rev. Immunol.). Modern approaches include the use of recombinant Bet v 1 or hypoallergenic peptide fragments to safely desensitize the immune system. Monitoring the TCR repertoire and cytokine profiles serves as a vital tool for assessing the efficacy of these treatments in clinical settings.

Other names

Birch pollen allergen-specific T-cell receptorBet v 1-specific T-cell receptorMajor birch pollen allergen-specific TCRTh2 TCR for Bet v 1

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) targets these receptors by providing controlled exposure to Bet v 1-derived peptides, which induces peripheral T-cell tolerance through mechanisms such as T-cell anergy, deletion, or the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) that secrete suppressive cytokines like IL-10 and TGF-beta (Larche et al., 2006, Nat. Rev. Immunol.).