T-cell receptor recognizing CRM197-derived carrier epitopes (TCR-CRM197)

The T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizing CRM197-derived carrier epitopes is a specialized immune receptor found on CD4+ T helper cells that plays a pivotal role in the efficacy of conjugate vaccines (Shinefield, 2010, Vaccine). CRM197, a non-toxic mutant of the diphtheria toxin (G52E), is widely utilized as a carrier protein to enhance the immunogenicity of polysaccharide antigens, which are otherwise poorly recognized by the immune system (Pecetta et al., 2015, Expert Review of Vaccines). Upon vaccination, B cells internalize the conjugate and present CRM197-derived peptides, such as the p2 and p32 epitopes, on their MHC class II molecules (Bottrel et al., 2000, Infection and Immunity). These specific TCRs recognize the peptide-MHC complex, leading to T-cell activation and the provision of critical signals to B cells, a process known as the carrier effect (Avci et al., 2011, Nature Medicine). This interaction is essential for inducing high-affinity antibody production, isotype switching, and the establishment of long-term immunological memory against pathogens like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis (Broker et al., 2011, Vaccine). Understanding these TCR interactions is vital for optimizing vaccine design and managing phenomena such as carrier-induced epitopic suppression (Dagan et al., 2010, Vaccine).

Other names

CRM197-specific T-cell receptorDiphtheria toxin-specific T-cell receptorCarrier-specific T-cell receptorCRM197-reactive TCR

Activation of CD4+ T-helper cells via TCR-mediated recognition of CRM197 peptides presented by MHC class II molecules, facilitating B-cell isotype switching and memory formation.