T-cell receptor recognizing Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergen-derived epitopes (TCR-Der p)

T-cell receptors (TCRs) recognizing Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergen-derived epitopes are specialized heterodimeric surface proteins, typically composed of alpha and beta chains, that mediate the adaptive immune response to house dust mite (HDM) allergens. These receptors specifically identify peptide fragments from major allergens such as Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23 when presented by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules on antigen-presenting cells (Cabrera et al., 2023, J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.). In sensitized individuals, the engagement of these TCRs predominantly drives the differentiation and activation of Th2 cells, which secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-4 and IL-13, leading to IgE production and eosinophilic inflammation (Wambre et al., 2017, Science Translational Medicine). This molecular recognition is the primary driver of allergic diseases, including asthma and rhinitis. Therapeutic strategies targeting these TCRs include allergen immunotherapy (AIT), which aims to desensitize the immune system by inducing T-cell anergy or promoting the expansion of allergen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs) that suppress the allergic cascade (Akdis & Akdis, 2014, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery). Recent advancements also explore TCR-engineered T cells and soluble TCR-mimetic molecules to precisely modulate the immune response to HDM allergens.

Other names

House dust mite-specific T-cell receptorDer p-specific TCRHDM-specific TCRDermatophagoides pteronyssinus-specific T-cell receptor

Modulation of T-cell signaling to induce peripheral tolerance, promote T-regulatory cell differentiation, and reduce Th2-mediated inflammation.